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CAM Assay: An alternative, 3Rs-compliant, in vivo Model for the Development of Immunotherapy for Cancer
| Authors: |
Y. Wang, X. Rousset, C. Prunier, E. Dosda, J. Viallet, B. Pinteur, G. Alzeeb, I. Menkova, A. Gutierrez |
| Abstract: | In recent years, immunotherapy has become the “fifth pillar” of cancer treatment, alongside surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and other targeted treatments. Various immuno-oncology (IO) treatments have been developed, including monoclonal antibodies, Antibody Drug Conjugates (ADCs), Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICIs), vaccines, adoptive cell therapy, immune system modulators, etc. Rodents are still the commonly used preclinical in vivo model. However, these exhibit several drawbacks such as the immunodeficiency of humanized models, ethical constraints, time requirements and high costs. Therefore, an alternative, pertinent, 3Rscompliant in vivo model is urgently needed for developing cancer immunotherapies. The chicken embryo's ChorioAllantoic Membrane (CAM) has been widely used in human tumor xenografts and cancer research. This model has been used more particularly for immuno-oncology (IO) research, due to its native immune system, allowing IO investigations in a physiological, immune-reactive, in vivo environment. In the work described here, the chicken CAM assay is used to investigate different types of IO cancer treatments |
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